Glycyrrhiza glabra ( Liquorice Root ) is a perennial legume that is native to western Asia and southern Europe. Liquorice Root is easy to grow and adds flavour to teas and is popular in tobacco products. It is also one of the most commonly used herbs in western herbal medicine. Mainly as it disguises the taste of traditional medicines. In heavy doses, the root is mildy toxic.
Suitable for Temperate and Sub-Tropical climates.
Liquorice is one of the most commonly used herbs in Western herbal medicine and has a very long history of use, both as a medicine and also as a flavouring to disguise the unpleasant flavour of other medications.
It was introduced to England over 500 years ago and is now successfully cultivated all over the world. Liquorice is not botanically related to fennel, star anise or anise which produce similar flavouring compounds.
Growth
Glycyrrhiza glabra is a herbaceous plant that reaches a short height of 1.5 metres (5 feet). Liquorice Root is grown mainly for its flavoursome roots which take around three years to reach harvest. Compared to most plants, they have a deep tap root (up to 120cm or 4 feet) which slows down their growth if transplanted. Sowing directly into the ground is preferable if possible.
Liquorice Root is frost tender and does not tolerate hot summers so their ideal temperature range is between 5°C to 25°C / 41 to 77°F. Slugs often attack young seedlings so a plan to prevent exposure is recommended.
Removing flowers during the first two or three seasons saves energy and nutrients for the plant to develop stronger roots. Unless seed is required, prune flowers as they bloom.
How to Harvest Liquorice Root
From the third season the roots of Liquorice plants can be harvested. To do this carefully dig the plant up, take cuttings from the largest horizontal roots and then replant. Roots can be eaten fresh or can be stored for long periods when dried.
FAMILY:
Fabaceae
CLIMATE:
Temperate, Sub-Tropical
TEMPERATURE RANGE:
5°C to 25°C / 41 to 77°F
SOIL TYPE:
Moist well draining soil types. Loamy.
LOCATION:
Full Sun or Part Shade.
HEIGHT:
Up to 1.5 metres (5 feet)
WIDTH:
Up to 1 metre (3 feet)
pH:
6.5-8.0
GROWTH TYPE:
Perennial
WATER REQUIREMENTS:
Medium
POLLINATION:
Pollinated by bees and insects
MATURITY:
2-3 years
GERMINATION RATES:
45-85%
GERMINATION TIME:
2-4 weeks (Optional stratification period of 4 weeks).
SEEDS PER GRAM:
Approximately 100
MEDICINAL QUALITIES:
Yes
WEED POTENTIAL:
No
EDIBLE:
Yes.
SEED STORAGE & VIABILITY:
Cold Storage at 4°C (Fridge). up to 2 years
FACTS ABOUT GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA (Liquorice Root)
Liquorice Root is up to 50 times sweeter than sugar, although the taste is very different than sugar.
Liquorice root is not only used for flavouring, it has also been used for centuries for many medicinal purposes and still is today. A large portion of cultivated Liquorice goes towards tobacco flavouring.
It is possible to eat too much Liquorice! Although Liquorice has many health and medicinal benefits, it is possible to consume to much and cause unwanted side effect & toxicity. In 2020, a man died of cardiac arrest as a result of drastically low potassium levels. Apparently, for the three weeks prior he had been eating a bag of black licorice a day for three weeks.
In some countries the dried root is chewed by children as a teeth cleaner.